SOGICE — Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Change Efforts — describes a broad range of pseudoscientific and often aggressive practices aimed at suppressing or altering a person’s sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression. These practices, commonly referred to as “conversion therapy,” “reparative therapy,” or “healing ministries,” have become more covert, adopting names like “exploratory therapy” or “Safe-T".
These efforts are perpetrated not just by rogue individuals but also licensed therapists, religious leaders, and state institutions. SOGICE methods range from talk therapy, prayer, and group counseling to electroshock therapy, exorcism, forced medication, food deprivation, and in some extreme cases, sexual/physical violence.
These practices continue today, often being renamed, digitized, and hidden behind therapeutic or spiritual facades. According to international human rights law, they are classified as torture.